Society is based on material and discursive geographies that shape individuals’ experiences and perceptions. From a social geography perspective, society and geography are mutually constituted and simultaneously (re)produced: they are fluid and filled with meanings. Here, intersecting social categories (e.g., race, class, age, gender, ability) and personal expectations create inequalities and systems of oppression that are reinforced/undermined by institutions, media, geographies, discourses, and interactions. Unfortunately, places are constantly being (re)written in ways that exclude/privilege certain individuals, which reinforce/devalue dichotomies and racialized meanings of society. It is clear racism and other systems of oppression disproportionately affect some groups; the paper will highlight the specific challenges black youth face due to their identities. The present research aims to analyze the overpolicing of Black youth in streets to highlight institutionalized racism in Canada.

Nutrition is the essential fuel that our bodies, most importantly our brains, use to function. However, students tend not to realize its significance. Students require the right nutrients to allow their brains to function, allowing them to focus more attentively and be more successful in their academic careers. Children often do not meet their daily nutrient recommendations or recommended meals per day, resulting in many academic struggles. To combat this issue, programs must be integrated into schools to promote healthier and more frequent meals. Breakfast and lunch are crucial for a successful student as schools mainly run from the morning to the afternoon. A study by Bartfeld et al. (2019) and Terry-McElrath et al. (2015) shows a program indicating what benefits arise from adding a school breakfast and lunch program. This also benefits those who do not have the resources at home to consume these daily meals as they have a safe space to eat. Frequent meals are not the only concern of nutrition; getting the right amount of fruits and vegetables is most important in maintaining a healthy body and mind. The study by Kropp et al. (2018) shows that integrating schools with local farms can benefit students' by increasing their daily intake of fruits and vegetables. To be a successful student, academics are not the only focus; physical activity also plays a part. To participate in physical activity, milk intake is needed to increase calcium in the bones. A study by Henry et al. (2015) shows the benefits of increasing students' milk intake by providing a school program. Poor nutrition can occur due to many factors and lead to later problems such as diabetes and heart disease. This, however, can be preventable by incorporating a program that targets both the nutrition and physical activity of a student, which is seen in a study by Centeio et al. 2018. Nutrition is one of the key elements of being a successful student, and incorporating select programs into B.C. schools, can promote a healthy body and a healthy mind.

Like all cities on our planet Durban is subjected to the effects of climate variability. Since 2001,the city has had an increase in 660,000 residents, with a large percentage of those being affected by poverty. As global warming continues, the temperatures in Durban are predicted to increase by 1.5-2.5 degrees by 2065 and 3-4 degrees by 2100. (Institute, 338) Additionally, further projections signify that there will be an increase in aggressive and intensive rainfall by 2065, and up to 500 more millimeters of rainfall by 2100; which equates to 2.6 feet of rain per year. (Institute, 338) This will result in more frequent, severe, and dramatic storms and rainfall events, which leads to stronger stream flow intensity from the process of excess surface runoff. (Institute, 338) On top of extreme weather, Durban may also face rising ocean water levels, species extinctions, topsoil reduction or loss, vector-borne diseases, and potential reductions in agricultural yields (Institute, 338). To mitigate these climate change impacts, Durban must plan to implement reactive and proactive steps such as protective measures, accommodations, retreats, or avoidance of hazards.