Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) have been found to be one of the most prevalent symptoms and complications experienced after surgery (Hofmann et al., 2017). PONV is extremely distressing for patients (Hofmann et al., 2017). It can result in pulmonary aspiration, electrolyte imbalances, suture line tensions, wound dehiscence and delayed discharge (Hofmann et al., 2017). PONV is a complex interaction between the vomiting centre, triggered chemoreceptors, inner ear, vagus nerve, limbic system and cerebral cortex (Lewis et al., 2019). This phenomenon occurs in approximately 30% of all patients who have undergone surgery, and up to 80% of patients who are considered to be high risk (Lewis et al, 2019). The current commonly used treatment for PONV, in developed nations, are antiemetics (Hofmann et al., 2017). There is currently no drug to fully eliminate PONV, however these antiemetics can be used prophylactically and as intervention. Often the antiemetics used are droperidol, ondansetron and metoclopramide (Hofmann et al., 2017). Acupressure is a Chinese medicine technique (Lewis et al., 2019). Its purpose is to stimulate and strengthen the body’s energy flow to manage symptoms (Lewis et al., 2019). This technique is non-invasive and easy to learn, allowing patient’s and caretakers to perform it themselves. Acupressure has been helpful in reducing pain, dyspnea, insomnia, fatigue, allergies, nausea and vomiting (Miao et al., 2017). Acupressure is safe, non-invasive and has little to no cost or side effects (Sahin et al., 2018). This paper will discuss the positive effects of acupressure to reduce post-operative nausea and vomiting. I will examine my PICOT question: Do postoperative high-risk ambulatory surgical patients experience less PONV with the use of P6 acupressure when compared to those receiving only the conventional antiemetic interventions in all three phases of post-op?

A student’s school performance is easily influenced by the social problems that arise in daily life. The common occurrence of bullying, which includes the power imbalance between individuals, has the possibility of causing physical and mental distress and is one of the many social problems that impacts these students. With the proper aid and program support, children who are both victims and aggressors can do well in their academics. The intent of this research paper is to discuss solutions to bullying in BC schools for children between the ages of 5-19 through the implementation of programs by providing information taken from research studies.

Like all cities on our planet Durban is subjected to the effects of climate variability. Since 2001,the city has had an increase in 660,000 residents, with a large percentage of those being affected by poverty. As global warming continues, the temperatures in Durban are predicted to increase by 1.5-2.5 degrees by 2065 and 3-4 degrees by 2100. (Institute, 338) Additionally, further projections signify that there will be an increase in aggressive and intensive rainfall by 2065, and up to 500 more millimeters of rainfall by 2100; which equates to 2.6 feet of rain per year. (Institute, 338) This will result in more frequent, severe, and dramatic storms and rainfall events, which leads to stronger stream flow intensity from the process of excess surface runoff. (Institute, 338) On top of extreme weather, Durban may also face rising ocean water levels, species extinctions, topsoil reduction or loss, vector-borne diseases, and potential reductions in agricultural yields (Institute, 338). To mitigate these climate change impacts, Durban must plan to implement reactive and proactive steps such as protective measures, accommodations, retreats, or avoidance of hazards.

A recurring theme during the romantic period, spanning from 1785-1832, is the sublime. There is no readily available description of the sublime that would do it justice, as it is an almost entirely abstract concept that is conceptualized differently by each individual. It is a mysterious force that has gripped the minds of many, not uniquely in the romantic period. “To a Skylark” by Percy Bysshe Shelley and “Ode to a Nightingale” by John Keats both focus on the song of the skylark and nightingale to makes connections about the sublime, and “The Windhover” by Gerard Manley Hopkins uses the flight of the titular bird; therefore all three use bird imagery to discuss the sublime. However, these three poems suggest that experiences of the sublime somewhat depend on how it is approached. Interestingly, Hopkins was writing about a romantic period theme in the victorian era, when it was not being written about, in a manner that reaches back to the middle ages and forward to the 20th century. Hopkins' transcendence of time somewhat reflects the prolonged obsession with the mystery of the sublime. The sublime is not uniquely a romantic period theme, and is taken up again in the 20th century, however readers and writers alike seem no closer to understanding it than they were before. The sublime recedes as it is approached. From “To a Skylark” readers learn it cannot be conceptualized logically or with intent to control. “Ode to a Nightingale” demonstrates that it can be experienced through a emotion and senses, and readers can seemingly conclude that all of the unconventional uses of opposing sense experiences can eventually lead to the sublime. Then finally, those conclusions are challenged by “The Windhover” who employs a blending of logic and emotion while ultimately experiencing the sublime with almost no mention of senses. Experiencing the sublime is as mysterious as the sublime itself, by beginning with opposites and then arriving at paradoxes it is an ephemeral topic with no clear conclusion, and those writing about it employ various strategies to attempt do so.

Queerphobic rhetoric is on the rise in Western countries as the political right pushes messages of intolerance and even outright hatred for LGBTQIA+ people. Intolerance is often born out of misunderstanding or miseducation, which can lead to an anger inspired by fear. But we should not be afraid of LGBTQIA+ people, rather, we must be afraid for them. Members of the LGBTQIA+ community are constantly under threat, even in “progressive” societies such as ours. The Trevor Project reports that LGBTQIA+ youth are more than four times as likely to fall victim to suicide than their cishet peers 1, with 45% of LGBQ+ youth having seriously considered suicide in the last year and 1 in 5 gender diverse youth having made a suicide attempt 2. Hate crimes reported to Canadian police based on sexual orientation were up over 60% between 2020 and 2021, making it the highest number of hate crimes targeting. It is not an exaggeration to say that queer education saves lives. By providing students with the terms and understanding needed to express their true selves you are dramatically increasing their quality of life. Teaching youth about LGBTQIA+ identities and issues helps to foster acceptance and equality not just within the schools but within society at large.